Earth:Robe, South Australia

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Short description: Town in South Australia
Robe
South Australia
RobeSAaerial2.jpg
Looking west: the northern area of the town
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Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 37°09′51″S 139°45′15″E / 37.164057°S 139.754134°E / -37.164057; 139.754134[1]
Population1,252[2]
Established19 March 1846 (town)[1][3]
Postcode(s)5276
Location
  • 337 km (209 mi) SE of Adelaide
  • 131 km (81 mi) NW of Mount Gambier
LGA(s)District Council of Robe
RegionLimestone Coast[4]
CountyCounty of Robe[1]
State electorate(s)MacKillop[5]
Federal Division(s)Barker[6]
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall
18.5 °C
65 °F		 11.3 °C
52 °F		 621.9 mm
24.5 in
Localities around Robe:
Ocean Guichen Bay Mount Benson
Ocean Robe Mount Benson
Bray
Ocean Nora Creina Nora Creina
Bray

Robe is a town and fishing port located in the Limestone Coast of South Australia. The town's distinctive combination of historical buildings, ocean, fishing fleets, lakes and dense bush attracts many tourists. Robe lies on the southern shore of Guichen Bay, just off the Princes Highway. At the Template:CensusAU, Robe had a population of 1252.[7] Robe is the main town in the District Council of Robe local government area. It is in the state electorate of MacKillop and the federal Division of Barker.

History

The former customs house, a legacy of pre‑Federation times when individual colonies collected customs duties, is typical of many heritage-listed places in Robe built of local limestone

Robe is situated on the ancestral lands of the Buandig and Ngarrindjeri people.[8]

Europeans founded the town of Robe in 1846, ten years after the Province of South Australia was established, as a seaport, administrative centre and township.

Robe was named after the fourth Governor of South Australia, Major Frederick Robe, who chose the site as a port in 1845. The town was proclaimed as a port in 1847. It became South Australia's second-busiest international port, after Port Adelaide, in the 1850s. Robe's trade was drawn from a large hinterland that extended into western Victoria, and many roadside inns were built to cater for the bullock teamsters bringing down the wool, including the Bush Inn still standing on the outskirts of Robe. Exports included horses, sheep skins and wool. The Customs House has been listed on the South Australian Heritage Register since 1980.[9] A stone obelisk was built on Cape Dombey in 1852 to help ships navigate safely into the bay. Even so, there have been a number of shipwrecks along the coast in the area. An automatic lighthouse was built on higher ground in 1973.

During the Victorian gold rushes about 1857, the Victorian government introduced a landing tax of £10 per person to deter Chinese immigrants – more than the cost of their voyage. To bypass the tax, more than 16,000 Chinese people landed at Robe to walk overland for 320 kilometres (200 miles) to the goldfields, mainly at Ballarat and Bendigo.

Robe's importance decreased with the building of railways in the 19th century to Kingston and Beachport, about 40 kilometres (25 miles) respectively to its north and south. It continues as a service centre for the surrounding rural areas and home to a fishing fleet: especially important in the local economy is the rocklobster fishery.

Heritage listings

Robe has many heritage-listed places, including the following:

  • Burr Street: Robe Cemetery[10]
  • Cape Dombey: Cape Dombey Obelisk[11]
  • 1A Hagen Street: Robe House[12]
  • 2 Hagen Street: The Lady Star of the Sea Catholic Chapel and Schoolroom[13]
  • 7 Karatta Road: Karatta House[14]
  • Main Road: Lakeside[15]
  • Main Road: Lakeside Stables and Coach House[16]
  • Main South Eastern Road: Richmond Park Homestead[17]
  • Millicent Road: Bush Inn[18]
  • 2 Mundy Terrace: Robe Post Office and Telegraph Station[19]
  • Nora Creina Road: The Hermitage[20]
  • Nora Creina Road: CSIRO Field Research Station[21]
  • Nora Creina Road: Dingley Dell (dwelling)[22]
  • Nora Creina Road: Bellevue Homestead[23]
  • Obelisk Road: Robe Gaol Ruins[24]
  • Royal Circus: Royal Circus and Slipwall[25]
  • 1 Royal Circus: Robe Customs House[26]
  • Smillie Street: Robe Institute[27]
  • Smillie Street: Criterion Hotel[28]
  • 8 Smillie Street: Robe Courthouse, Police Station, Old Cells and Stables[29]
  • 10 Smillie Street: Ormerod Cottages[30]
  • 24 Smillie Street: Bank of South Australia Building[31]
  • 26 Smillie Street: Campbell's Shop[32]
  • 32 Smillie Street: Davison's Shop and Residence[33]
  • 38 Smillie Street: Graymasts[34]
  • 4-8 Sturt Street: Moorakyne House[35]
  • 15 Sturt Street: Granny Banks' Cottage[36]
  • 1 Victoria Street: Caledonian Inn[37]
  • 5 Victoria Street: Wilson's Saddlery[38]
  • 18 Victoria Street: Attic House[39]

Environment

Climate

Robe experiences a temperate mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb, Trewartha: Csbl), with mild, dry summers and cool, wet winters. Script error: No such module "weather box".

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Search results for 'Robe, LOCB' with the following datasets being selected – 'Suburbs and Localities', 'Government Towns', 'Counties', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions', 'Railways' and 'Gazetteer'". Government of South Australia. http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=roads&x=139.85917&y=-37.21733&z=12&uids=19,2,115,11,20,105&pinx=139.754130&piny=-37.164060&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Robe,+Locb. 
  2. ↑ Template:Census 2021 AUS
  3. ↑ Robe, Fred. H (19 March 1846). "Minute of 18 March 1846 re establishment of towns at Guichen and Rivoli Bays". South Australian Government. pp. 108–109. http://www9.austlii.edu.au/au/other/sa_gazette/1846/12.pdf. 
  4. ↑ "Limestone Coast SA Government region". The Government of South Australia. http://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/8589/Limestone_Coast_SA_Government_region.pdf. 
  5. ↑ "District of MacKillop Background Profile". Electoral Commission SA. http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/component/edocman/?task=document.download&id=564&Itemid=0. 
  6. ↑ "Federal electoral division of Barker". Australian Electoral Commission. http://www.aec.gov.au/profiles/sa/files/2011/2011-aec-a4-map-sa-barker.pdf. 
  7. ↑ "Robe 2021 Census All persons QuickStats (Suburbs and Localities)". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2021. https://abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/SAL41264. 
  8. ↑ Horton, David R. (1996). Aboriginal Australia (Map). Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies – via Trove.
  9. ↑ "Nautical Museum (former Robe Customs House)". Department of Environment Water and Natural Resources. http://apps.planning.sa.gov.au/HeritageSearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16404. 
  10. ↑ "Robe Cemetery". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16453. 
  11. ↑ "Cape Dombey Obelisk". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16401. 
  12. ↑ "Robe House (former Government Residence)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16407. 
  13. ↑ "The Lady Star of the Sea Catholic Chapel and Schoolroom". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16405. 
  14. ↑ "Dwelling ('Karatta House')". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16403. 
  15. ↑ "Dwelling ('Lakeside')". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16450. 
  16. ↑ "'Lakeside' Stables and Coach House". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16451. 
  17. ↑ "Richmond Park Homestead". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16471. 
  18. ↑ "Former Bush Inn". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16454. 
  19. ↑ "Dwellings (former Robe Post Office & Telegraph Station)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16410. 
  20. ↑ "Dwelling ('The Hermitage' Homestead Complex)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16459. 
  21. ↑ "Former CSIRO Field Research Station (including shed, water tank, yard fencing and gates)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16480. 
  22. ↑ "Dwelling ('Dingley Dell')". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16457. 
  23. ↑ "Dwelling ('Bellevue Homestead')". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16456. 
  24. ↑ "Former Robe Gaol (Ruin)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16402. 
  25. ↑ "Royal Circus and Seawall, including remains of slipway and Chinese Memorial". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16463. 
  26. ↑ "Nautical Museum (former Robe Customs House)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16404. 
  27. ↑ "Robe Institute". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16421. 
  28. ↑ "Dwelling (former Criterion Hotel)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16420. 
  29. ↑ "Robe Courthouse, Police Station, Old Cells & Stables". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16408. 
  30. ↑ "Dwelling ('Ormerod Cottages') (former Old Barracks)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16409. 
  31. ↑ "Bank House (former Bank of South Australia Robe Branch)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16418. 
  32. ↑ "Shop & Cottages (formerly Campbell's Shop)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16419. 
  33. ↑ "Dwelling (former Davison's Shop and Residence)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16423. 
  34. ↑ "Graymasts – Former Woolstore and attached Cottage". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16424. 
  35. ↑ "Dwelling ('Moorakyne House') (former Green Gables)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16406. 
  36. ↑ "Dwelling ('Granny Banks' Cottage') (former Crazy Cottage)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16415. 
  37. ↑ "Caledonian Inn". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16425. 
  38. ↑ "Eating House (former Wilson's Saddlery)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16432. 
  39. ↑ "Office (former Attic House)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. http://maps.sa.gov.au/heritagesearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=16437. 
  40. ↑ "Robe, SA Climate (1991-2020 normals)". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/cvg/av?p_stn_num=026026&p_prim_element_index=0&p_comp_element_index=0&redraw=null&p_display_type=full_statistics_table&normals_years=1991-2020&tablesizebutt=normal. 
  41. ↑ "Robe, SA Climate (1860-present extremes)". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_026026_All.shtml. 

Further reading

  • Susan Marsden (1985) A glimpse of golden days, District Council of Robe: Robe.

External links



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